Glossary of Terms

This glossary of terms is meant to help everyone understand medical words. It is a place to quickly find information on medical words.

To find a word or term begin by clicking on a letter in the A-Z list. Then you can browse down the list to find the word you want. You can also type your medical word in the search box in the upper right corner and then click on the little magnifying glass.

This glossary is for information only. It should never be used instead of advice from a healthcare provider.

If you have questions or comments about the Glossary of Terms please let us know.

If there is a word you couldn't find or you have a suggestion, please send an email to @email

Thank you!

objective

goal, end

obscure

hidden, unclear

observation

close look, watch

obstetrics

obstetrics is the medical field that deals with pregnancy, labour, and after delivery

obstruct

block, stop

obstruction

blockage

obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)

breathing problem where you stop breathing for short periods while you sleep. Your doctor may have you go to the sleep lab (sleep disorders lab) for testing

a clinical condition in which there is intermittent and repeated upper airway collapse during sleep. This results in irregular breathing at night and excessive sleepiness during the day

obtain

get

obvious

clear, easy to see

occupational therapist (OT)

healthcare provider who works with you to help you do everyday activities

healthcare providers who apply their specialized knowledge and skills to recommend a course of preventive or corrective action that will help people lead more productive and satisfying lives. They are trained to understand not only the medical and physical limitations of a disability or injury, but also the psychosocial factors that affect the functioning of the whole person – their health and their wellness.

 

 

occupational therapy

therapy that helps you relearn everyday activities

OD

once a day

on an empty stomach

do not eat or drink anything

oncologist

a medical doctor who looks after you if you have cancer

oncology

the study of cancer 

the treatment and care of people with cancer

Ontario drug benefit (ODB)

a provincial program that covers most of the cost of many prescription medications

list of what medications are covered is called the "Formulary". Some medications need a LU Code (Limited Use Code) for coverage in some circumstances.

Ontario drug benefit (ODB)

a provincial program that covers most of the cost of many prescription medications

list of what medications are covered is called the "Formulary". Some medications need a LU Code (Limited Use Code) for coverage in some circumstances.

open lung biopsy

operation to remove a small piece of tissue from your lung. The sample is then examined for disease.  It is done in the hospital using general anesthesia, which means you are asleep during the operation

ophthalmologist

a medical doctor who looks after your eyes

ophthalmologists are trained to perform eye exams, diagnose and treat disease, prescribe medications and perform eye surgery. They also write prescriptions for eyeglasses and contact lenses

ophthalmologist

a medical doctor who can diagnose and treat medical problems with your eye

Ophthalmologists are trained to perform eye exams, diagnose and treat disease, prescribe medications and perform eye surgery. They also write prescriptions for eyeglasses and contact lenses

opportunistic infection

an infection you get because you are already weak or sick

optic

to do with your eye

optic neuritis

eye disease

an inflammation that damages the optic nerve, a bundle of nerve fibers that transmits visual information from your eye to your brain. Pain and temporary vision loss in one eye are common symptoms of optic neuritis.

optimal

best, best way

option

choice, way

optometrist

eye doctor

optometrists examine eyes for vision and health problems, and  prescribe eyeglasses and contact lenses

oral

by mouth

oral consent (verbal consent)

you 'say' it is OK to have a test or procedure

oral medication

medication that you swallow

oral surgery

operation on your mouth, jaw or teeth

orchitis

inflammation (swelling) of one or both of the testicles

originate

start, begin

orthodontics

using braces to straighten your teeth

orthodontist

a type of dentist who puts braces on your teeth

orthopedic

to do with bones and joints

orthopedic surgeon

bones and joints doctor

orthotic

brace

ossification

forming bone

osteo

to do with your bones

osteoarthritis

a type of arthritis that is  caused by the wear and tear of joints

osteomyelitis

an infection in your bone

osteopenia

early signs of thin bones

osteoporosis

brittle bones, thin bones, weak bones

ostomy

an operation to make an opening (stoma) from an area inside the body to the outside

otitis media

middle ear infection

otolaryngologist (ENT doctor)

ears, nose and throat doctor

outbreak

when lots of people get sick with the same thing

ova/ovum

a woman's egg/eggs

overabundance

too much

oxytocin

hormone secreted by the pituitary gland.

When released, oxytocin causes your uterus to contract. Pitocin is a synthetic (man made) form of the hormone.